Date of Publication: Sunday, December 31, 2023
Intercultural and interreligious dialogue brought Cornelis Hulsman from a conservative Christian Reformed bubble in the Netherlands to a deeply ecumenical attitude, refraining from absolutist statements about faith since any religion is the outcome of a human search for meaning in life. Hulsman was asked to reflect on his personal development by
Date of Publication: Saturday, December 30, 2023
The purpose of this study is to present the most accurate data on the statistics of Christians in Egypt. The data were collected by the Egyptian Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS) 1986 census, the last year that the CAPMAS included the number of Christians for the smallest administrative units and computed these in
Date of Publication: Friday, December 30, 2022
This text about Dutch Arabist and scholar of Islam Prof. Dr. Johannes (Hans) G. Jansen (1942-2015) is based on Cornelis Hulsman’s personal experiences with Prof. Jansen as a student at Leiden University, the Netherlands, but even more on the email exchanges with Hans Jansen in 2008 and between August 1, 2011, and April 5, 2014. Jansen developed a
Date of Publication: Monday, October 10, 2022
Lara Gibson participated in the CAWU-Heliopolis University summer school between June 27 and July 6, 2018, and interned with our center between July 8 and October 4, 2018. Lara studied Arabic language and culture at Durham University, UK. In her letter of motivation, she wrote “your programme appeals to me primarily because of the hands-on and
Date of Publication: Wednesday, December 22, 2021
After the publication of Be Thou There; the Holy Family’s Journey in Egypt (AUC Press, 2001), Cornelis Hulsman organized a number of ‘pilgrimages’ to locations of the Holy Family in Egypt. One of these was with the German Evangelical Church in Boulaq, Cairo, to Tal Basṭa, Bubastis in the prophecy of Ezekiel. Bubastis had been the capital of Egypt
Date of Publication: Tuesday, November 30, 2021
Over the last few decades, comparisons have continuously been drawn between Israel and its policies and the system of South African apartheid. Certain events in the history of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict have given impulses to the use of this analogy, such as the Israeli occupation of Palestinian territory after the Six-Day war in 1967, the
Date of Publication: Thursday, November 18, 2021
This research explores the question as to how Wasatia as an Islamist movement seeks to represent the Palestinian moderate voice in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. This is examined through an in-depth interview with the founder of the movement, content analysis, and the use of a theoretical framework that combines nonviolence, social movement
Date of Publication: Sunday, November 14, 2021
The Arabic or Islamic conquest of Egypt in 639-642 CE had far-reaching consequences. Discussions of this historical event play a major role in modern Muslim-Christian discussions. Christians speak of a conquest whereas Muslims tend to speak of the opening of Egypt or liberation of Egypt from its Roman/Byzantine occupiers.
The shifting views of
Date of Publication: Sunday, December 27, 2020
The following text contains sensitive information and highlights various concerns from an Egyptian ambassador regarding foreign influence on political and environmental decisions and movements in Egypt. A lot of the content regards European countries, a focus on questionable Dutch decisions in the period the Muslim Brotherhood tried to come to
Date of Publication: Wednesday, December 23, 2020
Having a PhD degree is not a guarantee for good academic work. Dr. Mahmoud Omar [Maḥmūd ʿUmar] may have been a good archeologist, but he ruined his own academic reputation by interpreting medieval traditions as historical facts, as descriptions that have actually happened. “What we today understand as ‘facts’ did not exist centuries ago,”
Date of Publication: Monday, June 8, 2020
The paper aims at presenting the religious education at the German School in Cairo (DEO) as one of the very few examples of schools offering interreligious education in Egypt. In order to give the cooperative religious education at DEO a fair examination, interviews were carried out with students and teachers at the school. The author explains
Date of Publication: Thursday, April 30, 2020
Throughout his life, AWR friend Henk Glimmerveen (1923-2020) showed that engaged citizens can make a difference. He was an extremely effective activist for Christian migrants from Turkey in the Netherlands in the 1980s (please see my in-memoriam about this remarkable man). Henk was a keen observer and a critical one, not just accepting any story
Date of Publication: Sunday, April 26, 2020
This paper begins by reviewing Egypt’s post-2011 transition prior to 2013, which includes briefs on the 2011-2012 parliamentary elections, the 2012 presidential elections, and unrest and sectarian violence during the period between Ḥusnī Mubārak’s overthrow and the summer of 2013. The paper then transitions to the period following July 2013 and
Date of Publication: Monday, December 23, 2019
For decades now, Egyptian Coptic Christians and Muslims have been citing widely diverging numbers for the percentage of Christians in Egypt. In the absence of reliable, published data, the figures vary wildly, anywhere from 6 to 24 percent of population. Typically, figures claiming high percentages of Christians in the country correlate with
Date of Publication: Sunday, December 1, 2019
As President of the Republic of Egypt, Muḥammad Anwar al-Sādāt distinguished himself for various domestic and foreign policy reforms having a long-lasting impact on the history of Egypt, the Arab-Israeli conflict and the whole region. Most notably, his 36-hour visit to Jerusalem and his speech at the Knesset represented a major pivotal event for
Date of Publication: Thursday, November 28, 2019
Milestones (Maʿālim fī al-Tarīq, 1964), one of Sayyid Quṭb’s most prominent books, is widely renowned as a cornerstone of most of contemporary radical Islamic movements. While the book contains several references to the need for violent action in order to fight the condition of ignorance (Jāhilīyah)of the time, it equally includes a message based
Date of Publication: Monday, June 10, 2019
Abstract
This paper aims to gain insight into future political scenarios of Egypt by analyzing the Islamic political and religious ideologies in conjunction with their political strategies. It portrays the relationship between religion and politics in the Middle East in general, and Egypt in specific. In further analysis, it explores the
Date of Publication: Monday, March 25, 2019
Political and social theorist Sir Isaiah Berlin famously compared nationalism to a ‘bent twig’, ‘forced down so severely that when released, it lashed back with fury’ (Berlin 1972). Berlin referred to the resilience of nationalism in the face of purportedly countervailing trends such as sectarianism, multiculturalism and competing sources of
Date of Publication: Monday, November 5, 2018
Writing in 1999 for al-Usbūʿ newspaper, Hānī Zayyāt and Muṣṭafā Sulaymān expressed their disbelief that the United States’ International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 appeared to condone freedom of worship for Egyptian Bahāʾīs. They noted that the Bahāʾī Faith was ‘not a revealed religion, and nobody could set himself up to be its defender. This
Date of Publication: Monday, October 29, 2018
Egypt has been deeply divided between sympathizers of the Muslim Brotherhood and their opponents. This has resulted in Islamic thinker ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ʿAsākir publishing in July 1996 a book titled “Al-Ḥaqāʾiq bī al-Wathāʾiq ʿan al-Ikhwān al-Muslimīn” (The Documented Truths on the Muslim Brotherhood).” The second updated edition of this book
Date of Publication: Tuesday, September 25, 2018
The Center for Arab-West Understanding had faced numerous obstacles from the moment the founders wanted to establish the organization in 2004, despite its lofty goal of facilitating understanding between communities in Egypt and the Arab World and the West, through producing material for Arab-West Report, and hosting interns from Egypt and around
Date of Publication: Monday, September 17, 2018
ABSTRACT
This report is an outline of the brief discussion on August 5, 2018, between Libyan representatives (Mr. Abdulmajid Zuwama Alothmani [ʿAbd al-Majīd Zūwāmah al-ʿUthmānī], former Minister of Agriculture and current PDG of Libyan Petrol and Gas), Mr Ahmed Shawki Mansour [Aḥmad Shawqī Manṣūr], the GM at the International Marketing
Date of Publication: Thursday, August 30, 2018
This paper was prepared by the two interns from India: Riya Garg, pursuing BA LLB, and Vishesh Anand, pursuing BBA (Oil and Gas Marketing) from University of Petroleum & Energy Studies Dehradun, who interned with the Center for Arab-West Understanding in Egypt between June 6 and July 15, 2018, under the guidance of Drs. Cornelis Hulsman (
Date of Publication: Sunday, August 5, 2018
In the changing dynamics of the power structure in the Middle East, Egypt undeniably has been one of the most important actors. The geographic position of the country makes it a vital location in the region and the country controls the Suez Canal that links the Mediterranean and the Red Sea. This is the shortest link connecting the East and the
Date of Publication: Monday, April 16, 2018
The 2014 Egyptian Constitution; Perspectives from Egypt
Diana Serôdio/Cornelis Hulsman (ed.)
Foreword by H.E. Amr Moussa, Chairman of the Constitutional Assembly of 2013
Published in: Anwendungsorientierte Religionswissenschaft
Herausgegeben von Ulrike Bechmann und Wolfram Reiss
@Tectum Verlag Marburg, 2017
After President Hosni Mubarak was
Date of Publication: Monday, April 16, 2018
From Ruling to Opposition
Islamist Movements and Non-Islamist Groups in Egypt 2011-2013
Cornelis Hulsman (ed.)
Foreword: Ambassador Mona Omar
Published in: Anwendungsorientierte Religionswissenschaft
Herausgegeben von Ulrike Bechmann und Wolfram Reiss
@Tectum Verlag Marburg, 2017
After the deposition of President Husni Mubarak in the year 2011,
Date of Publication: Sunday, March 20, 2016
China’s Muslims, a diverse minority of approximately 23 million people, have played an influential role in Chinese foreign policy throughout the past century. Since the 1930s, Chinese governments have employed the transnational ties of the Muslim minority, as a diplomatic tool to establish and strengthen its ties with Islamic countries As one
Date of Publication: Monday, December 14, 2015
During the writing of this paper, after the holy month of Ramadan (June 18-July 17) in 2015, the season of crossing the Mediterranean Sea by hundreds if not thousands of refugees is approaching its peak. All over the European media it can be read and seen that the countries on the borders of the European Union are facing high arrival numbers of
Date of Publication: Wednesday, September 30, 2015
The following study aims to explain the process of racism by defining both the biological and social concept of race. The author subsequently builds on this to describe the question of racism of Somalis in Cairo, Egypt. Somali migrants started to come to Egypt in the 1960's. The author interviewed both Somalis in Egypt as well as Egyptians for
Date of Publication: Wednesday, September 9, 2015
Christianity in the Arab World was flourishing in relative terms prior to the First World War and consequent break-up of the Ottoman Empire. Since the 1920s, and particularly since the Second World War, Arab Christianity has seen an ongoing demographic decline and, in several parts of the Arab world, a disappearance from which it is unlikely to
Date of Publication: Tuesday, September 1, 2015
[The text was written as a chapter for Freedom of Belief and Christian Mission, Edited by Hans Aage Gravaas, Christof Sauer, Tormod Engelsviken, Maqsood Kamil and Knud Jørgensen. Regnum Edinburgh Centenary Series, Vol. 28, Regnum Books International, Oxford, 2015. This chapter was edited by Prof. Knud Jørgensen].
Muslim-Christian relations in
Date of Publication: Wednesday, July 1, 2015
During the European –Arab Conference, “The Contribution of Religious Minorities to Society”; launching event of the academic exchange program between the University of Vienna and higher education institutions in Lebanon and the Arab World, July 1-3, 2013, Vienna, Austria I presented a paper of the political use of statistics of Christian
Date of Publication: Tuesday, March 3, 2015
Abstract
This paper provides examples of a Western discourse about Egypt, which is critical about Muslim-Christian relations and human rights in Egypt and is largely focused on incidents, but is also insufficiently aware of the wider context which is presented in this paper.
Three abrupt political changes in Egypt in the past four years are
Date of Publication: Monday, June 30, 2014
Fabian Weinert wrote an extended review of the thesis of German Protestant theologian Matthias Gillé about the life and work of Pope Shenouda III, the late but still influential, and beloved pope of the Coptic-Orthodox church who is widely recognized as the most important Egyptian church leader in the second half of the 20th century.
Gillé used
Date of Publication: Tuesday, June 17, 2014
The identity of Muslim women in post-colonial Egypt has largely been marginalized in the transition to modernity. A subalternized position of women that remains highly underrepresented in the nationalist/fundamentalist discourse of post-colonial politics coincides with a Western-oriented conceptualization of Muslim femininity that fails to
Date of Publication: Friday, May 2, 2014
Statistics about Christians in Egypt has been a problematic topic for many years. While literature uses a number of six percent at the lowest, other sources also state the percentage of Copts in Egypt at twelve, fifteen, or even as high as twenty percent. In this research patterns in the use of statistics in English and French literature from the
Date of Publication: Wednesday, September 11, 2013
This report by Arab-West Report explains the context of the massive destruction of churches and Christian institutions in Egypt in August 2013. Very often media describe tensions between Muslims and Christians in Egypt in generalized terms, but this report prepared for the German organization, Missio, shows that tensions are primarily between
Date of Publication: Thursday, August 1, 2013
This report was commissioned by the German organization, Missio, in 2004. It was never published because we encountered difficulties in obtaining additional information on various legal issues and application of the law due to insufficient funding for quality legal experts. We have a strong network and have also used this in our efforts to
Date of Publication: Sunday, June 9, 2013
We often hear about the radical statements and fatwás of Muslims and about uncompromising Christian or secular activists who can appeal to populist sentiments and mistrust of the ‘other’. A major problem is that they also often refer to religious texts, which pours oil on the fire of the feelings of those who believe that particular religions are
Date of Publication: Wednesday, May 15, 2013
One of the distinguishing sub-themes of the Egyptian revolution which began on January 25, 2011, has been the proliferation of Coptic movements. Largely, though not entirely, contained in the church during the Mubarak era, Christian Egyptians joined their Muslim counterparts as ‘one hand’ to challenge the authority for the sake of ‘freedom, bread
Date of Publication: Thursday, May 2, 2013
This report is on the formation of the Egyptian Constitution of 2012 and was commissioned by the German organization Missio who translated it into German for publication in Germany.
The processes of how the Constituent Assembly was formed is described and discussions about the content of this Constitution from both liberal and Islamist
Date of Publication: Saturday, December 8, 2012
In 1995, the Dutch Christian organization Open Doors asked me to look into the stories of Christian girls in Egypt being kidnapped by Muslims and being forced to convert to Islam. I contacted human rights lawyer Maurice Ṣādiq, who has repeatedly defended such claims. I also contacted clergy and church workers in Cairo, Alexandria, and Upper Egypt
Date of Publication: Monday, October 22, 2012
Cornelis Hulsman was asked to speak about Matthew 25:35-36, where Jesus said “For I was hungry and you gave me something to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you invited me in,” in the light of his work for Arab-West Report in Egypt. Hulsman explained this verse applies to all our neighbors, Christian,
Date of Publication: Tuesday, July 31, 2012
This book was first published in 2012 by CIDT in Arabic. It was later translated into English, expanded with texts of Nushin Atmaca and Patricia Prentice and edited by Cornelis Hulsman with help of Jenna Ferrecchia and Douglas May. The expanded book was published by Tectum Verlag, Academic publishers in Germany. They also hold the copyright to the
Date of Publication: Wednesday, June 20, 2012
This paper expands upon earlier work published in Arab-West Report by Dutch Arabists Eildert Mulder and Thomas Milo on the contested earliest sources of Islam.1 Mulder and Milo illustrate that critical scholarship has cast doubt on the historicity of the hadīth and biographies and because other sources are scant, little is known for
Date of Publication: Wednesday, May 30, 2012
Dr. Michael Wahid Hanna of the Century Foundation (US), one of the speakers during the Henriette van Lynden lecture of June 11, organized by the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs, was asked by Cornelis Hulsman for the source of his estimated percentage of Christians in Egypt, 10% in 1950 and 10% in 2014. Hulsman commented that it is generally
Date of Publication: Wednesday, May 9, 2012
The Commission of the Bishop’s Conferences of the European Community (COMECE) in Brussels invited Cornelis Hulsman to present on the position of Christians in Egypt on May 9 in Brussels, Belgium. The presentation is part of a seminar on “Christians in the Arab World: One year after the Arab Spring,” organized by COMECE in cooperation with the EPP
Date of Publication: Sunday, March 11, 2012
The majority of articles containing Coptic population figures were not published in several major English-language newspapers until after 1956. Articles in newspapers such as the New York Times, The Washington Post, and The Toronto Star illustrate the varying tendencies of journalists in their presentation of figures. In comparison to the CAPMAS
Date of Publication: Monday, December 19, 2011
It is the time before the presidential elections. Egypt is in the middle of a possible transitional period and a mostly transitional mood. Since I arrived in Cairo in October 2011, people were highly politicized (which does not mean full of revolutionary thoughts) and most of them still are. It was then that I heard for the first time the
Date of Publication: Tuesday, November 15, 2011
Earlier this year, Egyptian Coptic intellectual Dr. Rafīq Samuel Habīb was named as the vice president of Egypt's Freedom and Justice Party -the newly founded political party of the Muslim Brotherhood.
Already one of the most controversial figures in Egyptian society, Habīb's appointment as the deputy leader of Egypt's nascent Islamist party
Date of Publication: Wednesday, October 26, 2011
October 9 witnessed riots in Cairo that led to the death of at least twenty-seven people and the injury of over 300, mostly from Egypt’s Coptic Christian community. The conflict followed a peaceful march from the neighborhood of Shubra, with its high percentage of Coptic residents, to the Radio and TV Building in Maspero, which has become the
Date of Publication: Saturday, October 22, 2011
This report provides critical background and previously unpublished details on the events leading up to the protests by Copts in Maspero, Cairo on October 9, 2011, which ended fatally for more than 20 protesters and injured over 100 others. It provides interviews, photographs, videos, and documents, as evidence of the circumstances in the village
Date of Publication: Tuesday, September 20, 2011
Christopher D. Marshall spent one month in the Bishopric of Shubra al-Khayma, a suburb of Cairo, to gather information about Coptic Orthodox migration. With him he brought a series of interview questions with which he hoped would uncover the methods of data collection used in the Shubra al-Khayma. Bishop Marcos designated Father Youssef as
Date of Publication: Monday, August 29, 2011
Review of Elizabeth Edward’s “Coptic Orthodox statistics and migration in Maghagha”
This work builds upon the report "Report on church response to poverty in Egypt" and delves into the issue of poverty and migration. What number of the poor are bishops responsible to provide care for?
The basis of the report comes from field work in Maghāghah
Date of Publication: Monday, May 23, 2011
Sanne Lundberg’s thesis was about the strong Coptic Christian perception of being discriminated, the interplay of this belief with religious beliefs, as well as their response to the perceived discriminating social system in Egypt. This research was thus not an investigation about whether these perceptions are correct or not but about perceptions
Date of Publication: Thursday, February 10, 2011
According to the Pew Research Center, US media attention for the Egyptian protests has exceeded every foreign policy story over the last four years, commanding 56% of all news coverage. While initially surprising, upon reflection this story hits at the conjunction of many popular flashpoints: Israel, Islam, and popular democratic movements. It
Date of Publication: Thursday, February 10, 2011
The attack on worshippers in an Alexandria church in Egypt on January 1, 2011 marks a lowpoint in relations between Muslims and Christians in Egypt. Never before in modern Egyptian history have extremists tried to kill as many worshippers as possible in a suicide attack. Earlier clashes were often related to extreme responses to local tensions
Date of Publication: Saturday, January 15, 2011
Interreligious tensions in Egypt are, unfortunately, very often related to church construction. In response to this tension, two student interns, Christian Fastenrath and Corin Kazanjian, worked over one year on a paper titled "Important factors for church-building in Egypt" published by AWR 2008, Week 47, Article 5.
Following this project, the
Date of Publication: Wednesday, January 5, 2011
Mai Magdy and Esben Justesen worked on this paper on the controversial Islamist Zaghloul al-Najjār.
Al-Najjār has his followers, people who adore his thoughts and people who strongly oppose him. The comments to al-Najjār show the strongly polarized climate we are witnessing in Egypt. Al-Najjār’s own statements have contributed to these polemics.
Date of Publication: Saturday, February 27, 2010
Within Egyptian society the 'reconciliation session' has become a frequently used tool for solving disputes, but has also become increasingly controversial for failing to restore community harmony, contrary to its idealistic title. The reconciliation session is a traditional Egyptian mechanism for conflict resolution outside the context of the